Analysis of Latent Thermal Energy Storage using PCM for HVAC Building of Multan-Pakistan

Abstract

Pakistan's residential sector is a large energy consumer. To naturally generate comfortable living
environments, architectural design features must react to changing situations. The current study is intended to examine the Cooling load and energy performance enhancement of residential buildings by integrating Phase Change Materials (PCM) in the building envelopes for the Climate of Multan, Pakistan. When incorporated into a building's structure, phase change materials (PCMs) act as an efficient thermal mass, potentially lowering ongoing building operation costs such as those associated with daily heating and cooling. This study examined the Passive design of HVAC Building through insulating Material, Phase change material and Climatic Consultant Software. The Analysis using the PCMs in the building envelope prioritized materials are A25H, A22H, Croda Therm21 and S540 for energy performance of Multan-Pakistan Region. Using PCM (Croda Therm21, A25H, or A22H) with the thickness of 10mm in the walls results in an approximate energy savings of 19.51% compared to not using PCM. Using SP50 PCM on the outer wall of the building to improve energy efficiency in residential structures is cost-effective in Multan because SP50 with a thickness of 50mm melting temperature of 50 to 51 degree Celsius bio based phase change material it offers a high latent heat capacity and biodegradable. Climate Consultant Software Identified the Passive design techniques, including natural ventilation, daylight utilization, landscaping, sustainable materials, orientation, and shading systems, optimize energy flow for thermal comfort in buildings, tailored for specific climates like the hot and dry region of Multan, Pakistan, meeting ASHRAE Standard 2005 for indoor comfort without artificial support.