Estimation and Sizing of 1.00 KWp AC Grid-connected Photovoltaic System

Abstract

Energy availability is a prerequisite for any growing country, including Pakistan, to maintain economic progress. This article presents a solar-based energy solution alternative for the densely populated geographic location of Sindh province, in Pakistan, along with the performance analysis and calculation of a cost-effective photovoltaic energy option. The energy source that is growing the fastest in the globe is solar electricity. 2000 MW of solar electricity will be installed in Pakistan through January 31, 2025; just 150 MW had been installed three years earlier for Sindh province in Pakistan. Geographic and climatic studies indicate that Pakistan has enormous potential for photovoltaic (PV), direct and indirect solar irradiation of 5.6–6.7 kWh/m2/Day on photovoltaic plane surface. Geographical data, climatic data, and energy demand consumption are collected for the proposed location. Performance ratios and losses have also been examined using the simulation program PVSyst. The simulated system only needed a small amount of roof space and battery storage to meet the maximum demand, leaving plenty of flexibility for future system expansion to keep up with growing energy needs. This process is affected by several factors such as solar radiation, geographic coordinates, and load requirements. The size and design of the PV system are determined based on watt-hour consumption estimates. Overall losses and estimation of the performance analysis of the grid-connected photovoltaic system are recorded in current research. The simulation results of the proposed model included performance ratio, energy generated that was injected into the grid, photovoltaic power generation, and conversion losses, all are calculated. Analysis of performance ratios revealed that January and December yielded the best PR of 80.8%, while May yielded the lowest PR of 70.5%. The reduced power capacity of the system is caused by many sorts of losses. This research will help with the development and scaling of grid-connected photovoltaic systems for various locations worldwide by employing the same technique.